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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) takes into account all phases of a product, from raw material extraction through production to disposal. It is a crucial tool for sustainable development and environmental management.
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Life cycle assessment (LCA) evaluates the environmental impacts of a product, process, or service across defined life-cycle stages.
The approach grew from life-cycle inventories and industrial environmental analysis. ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standardized a framework of goal and scope, life-cycle inventory, impact assessment, and interpretation.
Draw a system boundary from raw material to disposal, collect inputs and outputs for each stage, and translate them into impacts. The boundary and data quality determine what the result can say.
The definition of life-cycle stages and processes included in the study.
The collection of resources, energy, emissions, and waste data.
The assignment of inventory data to environmental impact categories.
LCA makes environmental impacts comparable across alternatives and supports product and procurement decisions. Results depend heavily on boundary, data, assumptions, and functional unit.
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