Blue-Green Deployment allows teams to introduce new software versions with minimal disruptions. It involves using a second production environment, reducing risk and providing an immediate rollback option in case issues arise.
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Blue-green deployment keeps two nearly identical production environments and switches traffic between them.
The pattern grew from the need to release new software with an immediately available fallback. Martin Fowler describes it as a form of parallel environments: one serves traffic while the other receives and verifies the new version.
Imagine two equally equipped stages: the new show is rehearsed on the green stage while the audience still watches the blue one. Once it is ready, the audience is directed to the other stage.
Two separate environments can run different versions at the same time.
A router or load balancer directs traffic to the selected environment.
If problems occur, traffic can return to the previous environment.
Blue-green deployment shortens risky cutover windows and enables fast fallback. It adds cost and complexity, especially for database changes, sessions, and incompatible interfaces.
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