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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the Internet standard for sending electronic mail between servers and from clients to mail servers. It defines commands and response codes for message transmission, routing via MX records, and relaying policies. SMTP's simplicity enables interoperability but requires additional mechanisms for security and deliverabilit…
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SMTP is a text-based application protocol that transfers email messages between mail servers and mail clients over network connections.
SMTP was defined through Internet standardization for forwarding electronic mail between mail transfer agents. RFC 5321 specifies especially the communication between SMTP servers.
A client opens a connection, presents sender and recipients, and transfers the message; the server accepts or rejects individual steps. SMTP transports and hands off messages but does not provide mailbox reading. Authentication, TLS, spam filtering, and retrieval through IMAP or POP3 are adjacent functions. Delivery is not guaranteed; it follows response codes and forwarding rules.
Client and server negotiate the session, sender, recipients, and message in a defined text dialogue.
Mail servers can hand a message to the next responsible server.
SMTP transfers messages; reading, identity, and filtering require additional services.
SMTP helps classify mail architectures and delivery failures. Production use particularly depends on TLS, authentication, DNS configuration, response codes, and delivery monitoring.
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