Load testing is a technique for assessing system performance by applying defined user or transaction loads. It measures response times, throughput and stability under expected conditions and uncovers bottlenecks and scaling limits. Tests are commonly automated and executed in staging or production-like environments to ensure realistic results.
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A load test measures how a system behaves under a defined number of concurrent users or requests, including response time, throughput, and errors.
Load testing grew from a concrete operational problem: systems often reach capacity only when demand is real. ISO/IEC 25010 treats performance efficiency as a quality characteristic, while tools such as k6 made repeatable load profiles accessible in development and operations.
Treat a load test like an instrumented stress experiment: define a realistic load profile, observe latency, throughput, resources, and errors, and locate where the system leaves its agreed behavior.
The timing and kind of requests that a test simulates.
A state where additional load degrades performance or triggers errors.
Load tests provide evidence for capacity planning, scaling, and service thresholds. Realistic scenarios and explicit acceptance limits make the evidence useful.
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