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An IP address is a numeric identifier assigned to devices on the Internet or private networks for unique addressing and routing. It covers address families (IPv4, IPv6), subnetting, public versus private ranges, and allocation and security considerations. Understanding IP addressing is essential for network design and troubleshooting.
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An IP address identifies a network interface so data packets can find their source and destination.
The idea grew with packet switching and dividing the Internet into separate networks. RFC 791 from 1981 described IPv4 as a central addressing function of the Internet Protocol; later mechanisms such as IPv6 expanded the available address space.
Like a street address, an IP address assigns a delivery location to a networked device. Routers read it and choose the next part of the route.
A numeric identifier names an interface in a network.
Routers use destination addresses to forward packets.
A prefix groups addresses and describes a shared network range.
IP addresses allow devices to reach services and communicate. Understanding address space, subnets, and routing supports network design and troubleshooting.
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