Backend
The backend includes all server-side components of an application responsible for data processing, business logic, and database interactions.
- Knowledge domains
- /Thematic areas
- /Segments
- /Building blocks
Interface
This segment groups all aspects related to the externally visible interfaces of a backend. It covers the definition and design of APIs, their contracts and formats, as well as the structure of inputs and outputs. This includes request and response models, validation, error and status codes, and rules for versioning and backward compatibility. Security concerns such as authentication and authorization are considered only insofar as they shape the interface and its usage by clients. Internal service-to-service communication is explicitly out of scope for this segment and belongs primarily to the “Integration” segment.
API Style
Categorization of design and architectural principles for interfaces (e.g., REST, GraphQL, gRPC) to guide modeling, communication, and error handling.
Application Programming Interface (API)
An Application Programming Interface (API) enables interaction between software components.
Browser
A browser is the software platform for rendering and interacting with web content. It interprets web technologies, manages sessions and security policies.
Domain Name System (DNS)
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a foundational system for translating domain names into IP addresses.
Representational State Transfer (REST)
REST is an architectural style that defines the communication between client and server via the HTTP protocol.
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a stylesheet language used to style and layout HTML documents.
GraphQL
GraphQL is a query language for APIs and a runtime for executing those queries.
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
HTML is the standardized markup language for structuring and giving semantic meaning to web content. It defines tags, document structure, and basic browser APIs and serves as the foundation for frontend implementations.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a protocol for transferring data on the web.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)
HTTPS encrypts HTTP traffic using TLS/SSL, ensures server authentication and protects message integrity. It is the standard for secure web and API communication.
JavaScript
JavaScript is a versatile programming language primarily used in web development.
OpenAPI
OpenAPI is a widely used standard for describing APIs.
Transport Layer Security
Transport Layer Security (TLS) secures communication over networks.
gRPC
gRPC is a powerful RPC framework from Google that efficiently provides remote procedure capabilities.